The Language of Ponien

Natively known as: Ponie /ˈponie/

...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind...
le o lomu shuyo leshungi ta o le shanu leta osa ta o mi undefined
Pronunciation: /le o ˈlomu ˈçujo ˈleçuŋi ta o le ˈçanu ˈleta ˈosa ta o mi ˈundeˌfined/
Ponie word order: and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind
Seed for this language: 7913526809944418

Spelling & Phonology

Consonant inventory: /h j k l m mb n p r s t ç ŋ ʎ ʧ/

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↓Manner/Place→ BilabialAlveolarPalato-alveolarPalatalVelarGlottal
Nasalmnŋ
Prenasalized stopmb
Stopptk
Affricateʧ
Fricativesçh
Approximantj
Trillr
Lateral approximantlʎ

Vowel inventory: /a e i o u/

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IPA vowel chart
Front Near-​front Central Near-​back Back
High
Blank vowel trapezoid.svg
i  
  
  u
  
  
  
e  
  
  o
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
a  
  
  
Near- high
High- mid
Mid
Low- mid
Near- Low
Low
Syllable structure: (C)V
Stress pattern: Initial — stress is on the first syllable
Word initial consonants: h, j, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, ç, ŋ, ʧ
Mid-word consonants: h, j, k, l, m, mb, n, p, r, s, t, ç, ŋ, ʎ, ʧ
Word final consonants: N/A

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Phonological rules (in order of application):

  • ŋ → w / _C
  • j → ʤ / V_V
  • p → b / V_V
  • k → Ø / V_V

    • How to read phonological rules

    Spelling rules:

    PronunciationSpelling
    j y
    ç sh
    ŋ ng
    ʎ ý
    ʧ ch

    Grammar

    Main word order: Subject-Verb-Object-Oblique. "Mary opened the door with a key" turns into Mary opened the door with a key.
    Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.
    Adposition: prepositions

    Noun

    Singular Plural
    Masculine No affix
    pota /ˈpota/     		Suffix -pe
    potape /ˈpotape/
    Feminine No affix
    pota /ˈpota/     		Suffix -so
    potaso /ˈpotaso/
    Neuter No affix
    pota /ˈpota/     		Suffix -ki
    potaki /ˈpotaki/

    Articles

    Definite Indefinite
    Singular po /po/
    the    		 sho /ço/
    a
    Plural yu /ju/
    the    		 e /e/
    some

    Pronouns

    1st singular tu /tu/
    I, me
    2nd singular ro /ro/
    you
    3rd singular masc o /o/
    he, him, it
    3rd singular fem ka /ka/
    she, her, it
    1st plural hi /hi/
    we, us
    2nd plural ngo /ŋo/
    you (all)
    3rd plural masc ne /ne/
    they, them (masculine)
    3rd plural fem po /po/
    they, them (feminine)

    Verbs

    Singular Plural
    Present Suffix -ko
    lelukuko /ˈleluˌkuko/     		Suffix -ʧo
    lelukucho /ˈleluˌkuʧo/
    Past Prefix ri-
    rileluku /ˈrileˌluku/     		Suffix -ru
    lelukuru /ˈleluˌkuru/
    Future Suffix -mo
    lelukumo /ˈleluˌkumo/     		Prefix ra-
    raleluku /ˈraleˌluku/

    Perfect aspect

    Perfect aspect in English is exemplified in ‘I have read this book’,
    which expresses an event that took place before the time spoken
    but which has an effect on or is in some way still relevant to the present.

    In Ponien, the perfect is constructed with an affix

    Perfect Suffix -tu
    lelukutu /ˈleluˌkutu/

    Derivational morphology

    Adjective → noun = Prefix ne-
    Noun → adjective = Suffix -ja
    Noun → verb = Suffix -he
    Verb → noun = Suffix -se
    Verb → adjective = Suffix -ke
    Adjective → verb = Prefix re-
    Adjective → adverb = Prefix çu-
    One who Xs (e.g. paint → painter) = Suffix -ʎa
    Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = Suffix -nu
    Diminutive = Suffix -ji
    Augmentative = Suffix -ru

    Ponie - English Dictionary

    Key: spelling /pronunciation/ part of speech. definition(s)

    English - Ponien